The main effect for valence was significant, such that participants evaluated positive words (M51,087 ms) more quickly than negative words (M51,120 ms), F(1, 52)55.90, p5.019. down) repeated measures ANOVA was performed on the transformed latencies. We next replaced evaluation latencies that were 2.5 SDs below or above the overall latency mean. 3 Word evaluation latencies were then log-transformed to normalize their distribution. We then dropped trials involving verbal latencies that were 3 SDs below or above the overall mean, as these likely reflect voice-triggering mistakes. In Study 3, we dropped inaccurate evaluations from the analysis. As shown in Figure 2, discriminations for letters in the up position were faster following a positive word on the prime trial, whereas discriminations for letters in the down position were faster following a negative word on the prime trial. As expected, however, the Valence Position interaction was significant, F(1, 27) 5 8.07, p 5. bottom) repeated measures ANOVA was performed on the transformed latencies. Next, we replaced trials that were 2.5 SDs below or above the grand CRT latency mean. 2 CRT latencies were then log-transformed to normalize their distribution (Ratcliff, 1993). triggering of the voice key by erroneous responses (e.g., a cough) or lapses of attention. Error bars show the standard error of the difference between adjacent bars.
Mean spatial discrimination latency as a function of target position and valence of the prime word in Study 2. By contrast, Study 3 showed that the activation of areas of visual space does not prime evaluations (e.g., ‘‘up’’ does not activate ‘‘good’’). In Study 2, we extended these results by showing that evaluations bias spatial attention in a metaphor-consistent direction (e.g., ‘‘good’’ activates ‘‘up’’). In Study 1, affective judgments of words were faster when word valence and vertical position were congruent (i.e., up-positive, down-negative) rather than incongruent.
#Bodovi za psihologiju series
Assumptions About Stimulus Valence GENERAL DISCUSSION In a series of three studies, we sought to determine if the association between affect and vertical position is obligatory.
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